China's population has hit a record low, marking its fourth consecutive year of decline as the birthrate plummets to 17% below last year's levels. The country registered just 7.92 million births in 2025 – down from 9.54 million in 2024 – and is now facing an unprecedented demographic crisis.
With a population of over 1.4 billion, China has seen its death rate rise to 8.04 for every 1,000 members, the highest on record since 1968. The country's aging population is expected to reach 400 million by 2035 – roughly equivalent to the combined populations of the US and Italy.
China's government has introduced several policies aimed at boosting birthrates, including a nationwide childcare subsidy programme and expanded national healthcare insurance for childbirth-related expenses. However, young people are still deterred from having children due to high costs and economic uncertainty.
The average cost of raising a child in China until they're 18 is a staggering 538,000 yuan – more than six times the country's GDP per capita. This has led many to question why anyone would want to have kids at all.
Decades of a one-child policy have left the current generation with a preference for single-child households and a shrinking pool of people of child-bearing age. The government is facing mounting pressure to address this crisis, with some policymakers calling for provincial leaders to be judged on their birthrates alongside GDP performance.
China's fertility rate stands at just 1.0 births per woman – the lowest in the world – far below the replacement rate of 2.1. The country's pool of women of reproductive age is forecast to shrink by over two-thirds to fewer than 100 million by the end of the century, making it one of the most pressing demographic challenges facing the nation.
Despite efforts to promote positive views on marriage and childbearing, China's birthrate continues to decline, raising concerns about the country's long-term economic stability. As policymakers struggle to find solutions, they must confront the daunting reality that their population is rapidly aging – a challenge unlike any other in history.
With a population of over 1.4 billion, China has seen its death rate rise to 8.04 for every 1,000 members, the highest on record since 1968. The country's aging population is expected to reach 400 million by 2035 – roughly equivalent to the combined populations of the US and Italy.
China's government has introduced several policies aimed at boosting birthrates, including a nationwide childcare subsidy programme and expanded national healthcare insurance for childbirth-related expenses. However, young people are still deterred from having children due to high costs and economic uncertainty.
The average cost of raising a child in China until they're 18 is a staggering 538,000 yuan – more than six times the country's GDP per capita. This has led many to question why anyone would want to have kids at all.
Decades of a one-child policy have left the current generation with a preference for single-child households and a shrinking pool of people of child-bearing age. The government is facing mounting pressure to address this crisis, with some policymakers calling for provincial leaders to be judged on their birthrates alongside GDP performance.
China's fertility rate stands at just 1.0 births per woman – the lowest in the world – far below the replacement rate of 2.1. The country's pool of women of reproductive age is forecast to shrink by over two-thirds to fewer than 100 million by the end of the century, making it one of the most pressing demographic challenges facing the nation.
Despite efforts to promote positive views on marriage and childbearing, China's birthrate continues to decline, raising concerns about the country's long-term economic stability. As policymakers struggle to find solutions, they must confront the daunting reality that their population is rapidly aging – a challenge unlike any other in history.