Climate finance is a jumbled mix of public and private funding that's supposed to help poorer countries adapt to the devastating effects of climate change. The rich countries, or developed nations, agreed to provide $100 billion (£76 billion) annually by 2020 so the poor could reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and build resilience to rising temperatures.
But tracking this money has proven to be a headache - there are vague definitions, dodgy projects, and inflated accounting that makes it hard to know what's really happening. In fact, some experts call climate finance the "wild west" of funding, where money disappears into thin air.
The truth is, rich countries didn't quite meet their initial pledge but managed to hit a lower target by 2022, when they pledged $116 billion (£88 billion). A charity group like Oxfam estimates that only about $95.3 billion (£72 billion) was actually disbursed last year, which is even less than its minimum estimate.
To break it down, public money makes up over three-quarters of climate funding to developing countries, with bilateral funding and multilateral institutions like the World Bank handing out cash directly or indirectly to recipients. Private finance also plays a role, although not as much as thought - public money still accounts for more than two-thirds of total funding.
The main recipients of climate finance are some of the world's poorest countries, including Tuvalu, Chad, Madagascar, Haiti, Mali, Niger, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, and Yemen. These nations need this funding to build resilience and adapt to a changing climate. But it's not just poor countries that get money - some wealthier nations like India and China also receive funds.
Developed countries, such as Japan, Germany, the US, and France, are among the biggest donors of public funding for climate finance. However, there have been concerns about the nature of this funding: two-thirds of it is in the form of loans with strings attached. These loans can pile pressure on poor countries to spend more money paying off interest rather than using it for projects that help them adapt.
The loan conditions vary from case to case but often include clauses that force recipients to hire companies from the donor country. This has raised concerns about the unfairness and lack of transparency in how climate finance is being used.
A new target has been set, requiring developed countries to provide $300 billion each year by 2035. The new goal is for developed countries and institutions like the World Bank to mobilize $1.3 trillion (£1 trillion) annually by 2035. This funding would come primarily from the private sector.
While this increased funding might seem like a good step, experts worry that it could be just as opaque and unaccountable as previous efforts at climate finance - but with an even greater reliance on investment by wealthy nations.
But tracking this money has proven to be a headache - there are vague definitions, dodgy projects, and inflated accounting that makes it hard to know what's really happening. In fact, some experts call climate finance the "wild west" of funding, where money disappears into thin air.
The truth is, rich countries didn't quite meet their initial pledge but managed to hit a lower target by 2022, when they pledged $116 billion (£88 billion). A charity group like Oxfam estimates that only about $95.3 billion (£72 billion) was actually disbursed last year, which is even less than its minimum estimate.
To break it down, public money makes up over three-quarters of climate funding to developing countries, with bilateral funding and multilateral institutions like the World Bank handing out cash directly or indirectly to recipients. Private finance also plays a role, although not as much as thought - public money still accounts for more than two-thirds of total funding.
The main recipients of climate finance are some of the world's poorest countries, including Tuvalu, Chad, Madagascar, Haiti, Mali, Niger, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, and Yemen. These nations need this funding to build resilience and adapt to a changing climate. But it's not just poor countries that get money - some wealthier nations like India and China also receive funds.
Developed countries, such as Japan, Germany, the US, and France, are among the biggest donors of public funding for climate finance. However, there have been concerns about the nature of this funding: two-thirds of it is in the form of loans with strings attached. These loans can pile pressure on poor countries to spend more money paying off interest rather than using it for projects that help them adapt.
The loan conditions vary from case to case but often include clauses that force recipients to hire companies from the donor country. This has raised concerns about the unfairness and lack of transparency in how climate finance is being used.
A new target has been set, requiring developed countries to provide $300 billion each year by 2035. The new goal is for developed countries and institutions like the World Bank to mobilize $1.3 trillion (£1 trillion) annually by 2035. This funding would come primarily from the private sector.
While this increased funding might seem like a good step, experts worry that it could be just as opaque and unaccountable as previous efforts at climate finance - but with an even greater reliance on investment by wealthy nations.