Google and Amazon agreed to a secret arrangement with the Israeli government in 2021, which would allow it to sidestep legal obligations when storing data on its cloud platforms. The deal, known as Project Nimbus, included a "winking mechanism" that required Google and Amazon to send coded messages to Israel's government whenever they handed over customer data to foreign authorities.
The arrangement was made in response to concerns about Israeli data being accessed by foreign law enforcement agencies. To counter this threat, the Israeli government demanded that Google and Amazon agree to use the secret code as part of the deal. The mechanism would involve payments - referred to as "special compensation" - made by the companies to the Israeli government, with the amount corresponding to the telephone dialing code of the foreign country.
The deal includes stringent controls that prohibit Google and Amazon from restricting how Israel's government agencies, security services, and military units use their cloud services. The terms also prevent the companies from suspending or withdrawing access to technology for Israel even if it violates their terms of service.
Several experts have described the arrangement as a "clever" workaround that complies with the letter of the law but not its spirit. However, the arrangement has raised concerns about the potential risks for Google and Amazon, particularly in the US, where they are headquartered.
Israeli officials acknowledge that the deal's demands may collide with US law, leaving the companies with a difficult choice between violating the contract or violating their legal obligations. Neither Google nor Amazon has commented on whether they have used the secret code since the Nimbus contract came into effect.
The arrangement was made in response to concerns about Israeli data being accessed by foreign law enforcement agencies. To counter this threat, the Israeli government demanded that Google and Amazon agree to use the secret code as part of the deal. The mechanism would involve payments - referred to as "special compensation" - made by the companies to the Israeli government, with the amount corresponding to the telephone dialing code of the foreign country.
The deal includes stringent controls that prohibit Google and Amazon from restricting how Israel's government agencies, security services, and military units use their cloud services. The terms also prevent the companies from suspending or withdrawing access to technology for Israel even if it violates their terms of service.
Several experts have described the arrangement as a "clever" workaround that complies with the letter of the law but not its spirit. However, the arrangement has raised concerns about the potential risks for Google and Amazon, particularly in the US, where they are headquartered.
Israeli officials acknowledge that the deal's demands may collide with US law, leaving the companies with a difficult choice between violating the contract or violating their legal obligations. Neither Google nor Amazon has commented on whether they have used the secret code since the Nimbus contract came into effect.